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Daniel 2:1-24

Sunday Morning Bible Study

April 14, 2013

Introduction

Do people see Jesus?  Is the gospel preached?  Does it speak to the broken hearted?  Does it build up the church?  Milk – Meat – Manna  Preach for a decision  Is the church loved?

Announce:  Russia Trip – we are looking for support for the upcoming trip – prayer support & financial support.  Our trip this time will be very different from past trips.  Instead of putting on huge outreach concerts, we will focus on discipleship, meeting with Pastor Alexi and his church to build them up in their faith.  There are going to be just four of us going – Drew & Nadia, Neil Gulassa, and myself.  The total cost of the trip for the four of us will be around $10,000 and we already have about 1/3 of that raised.  If you are interested in helping support this trip, you can put a check in the Agape box with “Russia Fund” in the memo line.

Doug Shaul Service:  Will be held next Saturday morning in Mesquite, Nevada.  I am putting together a short video of comments from those of you who knew Doug.  We will have the video delivered to Donna and it will be played at the service.  See me after the service if you would like to say a few words.

What do you do when you are faced with an impossible situation?

Play Mission Impossible Squirrel clip

We’re going to watch Daniel and his friends face an impossible situation.

Play Nebuchadnezzar’s battles map clip

In 605 BC, the end had come for the mighty Assyrian Empire.  The Babylonians had conquered Nineveh, and then finally broke the Assyrians at the famous battle of Carchemish.  Carchemish was located where the mighty Euphrates River intersects the modern border between Syria and Turkey.  The Assyrians had been allied with Egypt, and so after the battle, Nebuchadnezzar began his march to Egypt, stopping to take control of Jerusalem along the way.

Nebuchadnezzar took the best and brightest young men from Jerusalem back to Babylon to be trained and serve in his government.  Among these captives were Daniel and his friends Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
This would be the first of three groups of Jews taken to Babylon, ending with the final destruction of Jerusalem in 586BC.

2:1-13  A Troubled Dream

:1 Now in the second year of Nebuchadnezzar’s reign, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams; and his spirit was so troubled that his sleep left him.

:1 the second year of Nebuchadnezzar’s reign

Nebuchadnezzar had become king after the victory at Carchemish, just before he had made his way southward towards Egypt and took Daniel and the others back to Babylon.

When you take into account the Babylonian method of accession-year dating, this is going to be taking place very near the end of the three years of Daniel’s university training (1:5).

This is taking place very close to the events of the last chapter.

:1 Nebuchadnezzar had dreams

dreamschalowm – dream; dream (ordinary); dream (with prophetic meaning)

Dreams are things that can have meaning.

I think that sometimes our dreams can tell us a lot about the kinds of things we think about when we’re awake.
Sometimes dreams are no more than a reflection on what we ate the night before.  If you have too much pizza, you might dream something like this …
Play Elephants on Parade clip.
There have been times in history where God will give a person direction in their life through dreams.
Joseph had dreams about his future, like his brothers bowing down to him.
Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, had a set of dreams that would affect the known world at that time – a coming famine.  Joseph would be used to interpret that dream, and get the world ready to survive the coming famine.
Nebuchadnezzar, like Pharaoh, was the ruler of a large chunk of the world.  His growing empire is the largest empire to that time.

God is going to give Nebuchadnezzar a dream that lays out the major global empires that will have an effect on God’s people, Israel.

Lesson

Dreams and Directions

Does God speak today through dreams? He can.
(Joe 2:28 NKJV) “And it shall come to pass afterward That I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, Your old men shall dream dreams, Your young men shall see visions.

If you are having dreams that actually mean something, it might mean you’re an “old man”. Just sayin’.  J

Be careful about the importance you place on a dream.
(Je 23:28 NKJV) “The prophet who has a dream, let him tell a dream; And he who has My word, let him speak My word faithfully. What is the chaff to the wheat?” says the Lord.

Compared to wheat, chaff (dreams) is worthless.  Wheat (the Word) is filling.  In the context, Jeremiah has been warning the people about the false prophets.  Jeremiah is saying that God’s Word is much more important than a “dream”.

You have God’s Word.  Pay attention to the Word.

Be careful about basing important decisions on something that might be based on eating bad pizza the night before.

:1 his spirit was so troubled

troubledpa’am – to thrust, impel, push, beat persistently;  (Hithpael) to be disturbed

There is going to be something very disturbing about this dream.  Nebuchadnezzar knows this is something he must figure out.

:2 Then the king gave the command to call the magicians, the astrologers, the sorcerers, and the Chaldeans to tell the king his dreams. So they came and stood before the king.

This is the group of “wise” men that the king looked to for advice.

:2 magicians … Chaldeans …

The term “Chaldeans” refers here to a special class of astrologers/soothsayers.

This is the same group that Daniel and his friends are a part of.

:3 And the king said to them, “I have had a dream, and my spirit is anxious to know the dream.”

:3 anxiouspa’am – to thrust, impel, push, beat persistently;  (Niphal) to be beaten, be disturbed

This is the same word for “troubled” in verse 1

:3 my spirit is anxious to know the dream

Nebuchadnezzar isn’t just asking for an interpretation of the dream, he wants these wise men to tell him what the dream itself was. 

Perhaps he can’t recall everything he saw in the dream.  Or it might be that he wants to know just how much these wise men are actually able to do.

:4 Then the Chaldeans spoke to the king in Aramaic, “O king, live forever! Tell your servants the dream, and we will give the interpretation.”

:4 spoke to the king in Aramaic

The book of Daniel is unique in that it was written in two related but different languages, Hebrew and Aramaic.

Hebrew was the language of the Jews and is the language that most of the Old Testament is written in.
Aramaic was the general language of the Gentile world in that day.
The phrase “O king, live forever!” is the start of the Aramaic portion.
It was the language spoken in Israel in Jesus’ day, the language Jesus would have spoken.

From this verse until the end of chapter 7, it’s all in Aramaic.

The order of the languages:

1:1 - 2:4a are written in Hebrew
2:4b - 7:28 are written in Aramaic
8:1 - 12:13 are written in Hebrew

Why the different languages?

There is much in the book of Daniel that contains prophecies that affect the entire Gentile world.
These just happen to lie within chapters 2-7
The rest of the book greatly affects the nation Israel, written in Hebrew.

:4 Tell your servants the dream

They would be glad to help the king, but the king has to tell them what the dream was before they can interpret it.  Sounds obvious.

:5 The king answered and said to the Chaldeans, “My decision is firm: if you do not make known the dream to me, and its interpretation, you shall be cut in pieces, and your houses shall be made an ash heap.

:5 cut in pieces

The word “cut” isn’t in the text.  It is literally, “you shall be made into limbs”.

More likely:  The four limbs of the body (arms, legs) are tied to four powerful trees that are temporarily roped together at the top (like these horses).  When the ropes are cut, the victim is suddenly torn apart into four pieces.  Ouch.  That’s gonna hurt.

:5 your houses shall be made an ash heap

This was a common punishment in ancient days.  For certain crimes, not only were you put to death, but your house was torn down and it was forbidden to build anything on top of it.

Nebuchadnezzar is one tough dude.

At the present time in Sudan, a Muslim nation, the houses of Christians are habitually marked for destruction. “More than 1.2 million Christians—men, women, and children—living in the capital city of Khartoum have had their homes destroyed by the Muslim government—since 1992, 250,000 homes have been bulldozed” (The New Foxes Book of Martyrs, 1997).

:6 However, if you tell the dream and its interpretation, you shall receive from me gifts, rewards, and great honor. Therefore tell me the dream and its interpretation.”

:6 gifts, rewards, and great honor

Nebuchadnezzar is using the old carrot and a stick approach.  If they tell the king what he wants, they get the carrot – gifts and rewards.  If they can’t tell the king what he wants, they get the stick – cut in pieces and their houses destroyed.

:7 They answered again and said, “Let the king tell his servants the dream, and we will give its interpretation.”

:8 The king answered and said, “I know for certain that you would gain time, because you see that my decision is firm:

:9 if you do not make known the dream to me, there is only one decree for you! For you have agreed to speak lying and corrupt words before me till the time has changed. Therefore tell me the dream, and I shall know that you can give me its interpretation.”

:9 lying and corrupt words

Nebuchadnezzar was a pagan king.  It’s been his practice to use people like witch doctors to guide his decisions.  Ezekiel wrote,

(Eze 21:21 NKJV) For the king of Babylon stands at the parting of the road, at the fork of the two roads, to use divination: he shakes the arrows, he consults the images, he looks at the liver.

It sounds as if Nebuchadnezzar wondering at the moment if all the advice he’s gotten from these soothsayers over the years had been a bunch of worthless lies.

He wants to know if their claim to supernatural wisdom was real.

:10 The Chaldeans answered the king, and said, “There is not a man on earth who can tell the king’s matter; therefore no king, lord, or ruler has ever asked such things of any magician, astrologer, or Chaldean.

:11 It is a difficult thing that the king requests, and there is no other who can tell it to the king except the gods, whose dwelling is not with flesh.”

:11 except the gods

The Chaldeans are trying to ask Nebuchadnezzar to be reasonable.  He’s asking something that’s just impossible.  Only the “gods” know what he dreamed, and they aren’t telling.  Or so they think.

:12 For this reason the king was angry and very furious, and gave the command to destroy all the wise men of Babylon.

:13 So the decree went out, and they began killing the wise men; and they sought Daniel and his companions, to kill them.

:13 they began killing the wise men

It sounds as if some of the wise men were being put to death.

:13 they sought Daniel

Daniel and his friends were apparently not present at the earlier discussions with Nebuchadnezzar.  After all, they are just junior wise men.

2:14-19  God reveals

:14 Then with counsel and wisdom Daniel answered Arioch, the captain of the king’s guard, who had gone out to kill the wise men of Babylon;

:14 Arioch‘Aryowk – “lion-like”

:14 guardtabbach – bodyguard, executioner, guardsmen

:14 with counsel and wisdom Daniel answered

counsel‘eta’ – counsel

wisdomte’em – decree, taste, judgment, command

Lesson

Careful Reply

Daniel is careful in how he responds to the king’s executioner.  He answers with “counsel” and “wisdom”.
Sometimes we don’t make effort to respond to tense situations very well.
Peter, James and John were on a mountain with Jesus when He suddenly started glowing in the dark and Moses and Elijah appeared and started talking with Jesus. Peter feels like he has to say something…
(Mk 9:5–6 ESV) —5 And Peter said to Jesus, “Rabbi, it is good that we are here. Let us make three tents, one for you and one for Moses and one for Elijah.” 6 For he did not know what to say, for they were terrified.

He started talking about pitching tents because he didn’t know what else to say.

The classic stupid response comes when Moses comes down from Mount Sinai to find that the people had made a golden calf, gone into idolatry, all led by his brother Aaron.
PlayTen Commandments” clip
Actually, the Biblical record makes Aaron’s excuse sound even lamer.

(Ex 32:24 NKJV) And I said to them, ‘Whoever has any gold, let them break it off.’ So they gave it to me, and I cast it into the fire, and this calf came out.”

The Bible says,
(Pr 29:11 NKJV) A fool vents all his feelings, But a wise man holds them back.
(Pr 29:20 NKJV) Do you see a man hasty in his words? There is more hope for a fool than for him.
Though Daniel is only about 20 years old at this time, yet he is very careful in how he responds.
He asks for advice, for “counsel”.  He uses “wisdom” in putting together his reply.

:15 he answered and said to Arioch the king’s captain, “Why is the decree from the king so urgent?” Then Arioch made the decision known to Daniel.

:15 decisionmillah – word, thing; word, utterance, command; thing, affair, matter

:16 So Daniel went in and asked the king to give him time, that he might tell the king the interpretation.

I find it interesting that Nebuchadnezzar didn’t get mad at Daniel for “stalling” for time.  It seems as if Nebuchadnezzar is willing to give Daniel a chance.

:17 Then Daniel went to his house, and made the decision known to Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah, his companions,

:18 that they might seek mercies from the God of heaven concerning this secret, so that Daniel and his companions might not perish with the rest of the wise men of Babylon.

:18 seek mercies from the God of heaven

seekbe’a’ – to ask, seek, request, desire, pray, make petition

merciesrechem – compassion

:18 might not perish

Their motives for their prayer was simple. 

They didn’t care about what Nebuchadnezzar’s dream was.

They just wanted to survive.

Lesson

Praying for help

Daniel and his friends are faced with an impossible situation.
They respond to the situation with prayer.
James writes,
(Jas 1:5 NKJV) If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach, and it will be given to him.
James also writes,
(Jas 4:2b NKJV) …Yet you do not have because you do not ask.

:19 Then the secret was revealed to Daniel in a night vision. So Daniel blessed the God of heaven.

:19 a night vision

A dream comes when you are asleep.

A vision comes when you are awake.

Daniel is awake and he “sees” the dream.

:19 blessedberak – to bless, kneel

2:20-24 Thanks

:20 Daniel answered and said: “Blessed be the name of God forever and ever, For wisdom and might are His.

Pay attention to Daniel’s theology.  Look at what he knows about God.

:20 wisdomchokmah – wisdom

:20 mightgebuwrah – might

:21 And He changes the times and the seasons; He removes kings and raises up kings; He gives wisdom to the wise And knowledge to those who have understanding.

:21 He changes the times and the seasons

changesshena’ – to change, be altered, be changed; (Aphel) to change, alter

times‘iddan – time; time (of duration); year

seasonszeman – a set time, time, season

God is the one who decides when events in history will take place.  The fall of Jerusalem was no mistake.  God even declares how long things will last.  Jeremiah, in Jerusalem, will soon declare that the captivity will last for seventy years.

Daniel will record that the antichrist will do something interesting:

(Da 7:25 NKJV) He shall speak pompous words against the Most High, Shall persecute the saints of the Most High, And shall intend to change times and law.
thinkcebar – (P’al) to think, intend
changesshena’ – to change, be altered, be changed; (Aphel) to change, alter
times – zeman – a set time, time, season
lawdath – decree, law
This is the same language used to describe what Daniel has ascribed to God.  Perhaps this is hinting that the antichrist is trying to control world events like he’s God.

:21 He removes kings and raises up kings

Daniel knows that Nebuchadnezzar’s dream is about changing world empires.  He’s also seen God remove his own king in Jerusalem.

:21 He gives wisdom to the wise …

Perhaps this is referring to God giving Daniel the answer to Nebuchadnezzar’s question.

:22 He reveals deep and secret things; He knows what is in the darkness, And light dwells with Him.

:22 He reveals deep and secret things

deep‘amiyq – deep things, deep mysteries

secretcethar – to hide, remove from sight

Nebuchadnezzar’s dream was made of deep and secret things.  God revealed them.

:22 He knows what is in the darkness

darknesschashowk – darkness

Nebuchadnezzar’s dream was in the dark to everyone else except God.

:22 And light dwells with Him

lightnehiry – light

Light makes things clear that are hidden in darkness.

:23 “I thank You and praise You, O God of my fathers; You have given me wisdom and might, And have now made known to me what we asked of You, For You have made known to us the king’s demand.”

:23 wisdom and might

These are the same words used by Daniel in verse 20, that “wisdom and might are His”.

God has these qualities, and He gives them away to others.

God has what you need.

:24 Therefore Daniel went to Arioch, whom the king had appointed to destroy the wise men of Babylon. He went and said thus to him: “Do not destroy the wise men of Babylon; take me before the king, and I will tell the king the interpretation.”

:24 the interpretationpeshar – interpretation (of dream)

:24 Do not destroy the wise men of Babylon

Some men might have used the answer that God gave Daniel to their own advantage.

They might have said, “Go ahead and destroy the other wise men, because they are fakes, but I am the one that has the answers…”

:23 I thank You and praise You

Lesson

Remember to say “thanks”

The Bible says,
(Ps 92:1 NKJV) It is good to give thanks to the Lord, And to sing praises to Your name, O Most High;
Learning to say “thanks” to God doesn’t come naturally.  You have to work at it.
Jesus had an interesting encounter with ten men afflicted with an incurable, IMPOSSIBLE disease that cut them off from society.
(Lk 17:11–19 NKJV) —11 Now it happened as He went to Jerusalem that He passed through the midst of Samaria and Galilee. 12 Then as He entered a certain village, there met Him ten men who were lepers, who stood afar off. 13 And they lifted up their voices and said, “Jesus, Master, have mercy on us!” 14 So when He saw them, He said to them, “Go, show yourselves to the priests.” And so it was that as they went, they were cleansed. 15 And one of them, when he saw that he was healed, returned, and with a loud voice glorified God, 16 and fell down on his face at His feet, giving Him thanks. And he was a Samaritan. 17 So Jesus answered and said, “Were there not ten cleansed? But where are the nine? 18 Were there not any found who returned to give glory to God except this foreigner?” 19 And He said to him, “Arise, go your way. Your faith has made you well.”

Are you like the one or the nine?

Play Values – Gratitude clip
For the last five years or so, I’ve had a note at the top of my prayer list with the word “thanks”, to remind me to say “thanks” to God.
To be honest, it’s taken me a long time to actually consistently learn how to actually thank God.
It’s not easy, especially when you aren’t exactly happy about how your life is going.  But I’m learning that what the Psalmist says is true.

It is good to give thanks.

Work to develop an attitude of gratitude.